For i As Integer = 0 To lines.GetUpperBound(0)
  Select Case lines(i).Substring(0, 1)
  Case "X", "Y":
    listBox1.AddItem lines(i)
  End Select
Next i

Private Sub ListBox1_DrawItem(ByVal sender As System.Object, _
    ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.DrawItemEventArgs) Handles ListBox1.DrawItem
 
    Dim strText As String = ListBox1.Items(e.Index).ToString()
    e.DrawBackground()
    e.DrawFocusRectangle()
 
    Dim myBrush As SolidBrush
    If (strText.StartsWith("X")) Then
        myBrush = New SolidBrush(Color.Red)
    ElseIf (strText.StartsWith("Y")) Then
        myBrush = New SolidBrush(Color.Green)
    Else
        myBrush = New SolidBrush(e.ForeColor)
    End If
    e.Graphics.DrawString(strText, ListBox1.Font, myBrush, e.Bounds.Location)
    myBrush.Dispose()
End Sub

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